助年輕人擺脫「考試院」惡夢 Minsnail Housing Co-op打造合作住宅

看過韓國電影《上流寄生族》的你相信對場景中出現的地下屋印象深刻。環境吵雜、陰暗潮濕,但因租金相對便宜,在韓國跟考試院、屋塔房被視為低收入人士的可負擔居所。三者之中,以「考試院」的環境最為狹窄,租戶以20至30歲的大學生和藍領為主。「考試院」的普及化凸顯韓國年輕人的居住貧困問題。「無殼蝸牛住宅合作社」(Minsnail Housing Co-op)就在此背景下成立──由一群大學生發起,倡議並抵抗「考試院」的低品質居住問題。
Minsnail Housing Co-op 團結面對住屋問題的年輕人、努力向政府爭取和保障應有的住屋權利,以及實現非營利的合作住房模式,藉此解決房屋資源不平等的問題。他們以會員制、收取按金和租金的方式籌集資金,發展出三種營運模式──第一種是合作社募資,透過買地或租地自行興建房屋和各種共享設施;其二是租賃市場上的住宅,同時政府會提供裝修補貼及低息貸款等資助政策;第三種則是和政府合作的長期土地租借權。
除了關注個體的住宿需求,提高年輕人的住宿品質,他們更強調社區合作和社會參與,目標是創造一個可負擔、穩定且友善的合作住宅社區,成員們會共同參與住宅事務的管理和決策過程,從而建立一個共同發展和支持的社區網絡。
Minsnail Union 現有800多位成員,一直在進行關於南韓房屋現況的研究調查,提出政策建議,致力改善南韓住屋問題。Minsnail Housing Co-op 至今在首爾、清州、富川三個城市中運用合作住宅模式,建設了14處「蝸牛屋」,居民協會會員人數達336人,逐步擴張其社會影響力。
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Ms. Angie Zhou
Education Specialist
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Angie Zhou is an Education Specialist at MIT App Inventor. She was the founder and CEO of Dreams Come True in Shenzhen, where she developed online coding courses for kids. She also has previous curriculum development, teaching and staff training experience at First Code Academy in Hong Kong.
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